How to Switch Specialties as a Physician: Licensing and Credentialing Tips

Do physicians often quit their specialty in the middle of their careers? At least a fifth of doctors change their practice field at least once. Of course, it is easier to transition to another healthcare field at the residency stage. However, this does not mean a new physician is completely blocked after education. In this article, we’ll give you tips on changing your specialty, as well as on licensing and How to Switch Specialties as a Physician: Licensing and Credentialing. In addition, you will know about the best specialties in terms of work-life balance or profitability.

Why Do Physicians Want to Change Specialties?

You could choose to switch your specialty for many different reasons. Maybe there’s a component of the area you hadn’t thought of before starting your residency, or maybe the reality of working in it feels very different from what you anticipated based on past study. On the other hand, you might find delight in learning several branches of medicine or developing a fresh enthusiasm for another profession. The most common reasons for changing medical specialty mid-career are the following factors:

• Professional burnout
• Loss of interest in the existing specialization
• Desire to increase income
• Transition from general practice to specialized practice

That said, switching could call for more time and work than you had first budgeted for. But it’s important to keep in mind that investing a few more years moving into a sector you’re enthusiastic about is far better than devoting decades of your career to a specialty you don’t really love. Consider this: the time you will spend practicing medicine is far more than the time spent in retraining. Choosing fulfillment above convenience today will position you for a long-term significantly more fulfilling career.

A recent poll conducted on the Doximity network indicates that 21% of physicians have transitioned to a different medical specialty at least once, highlighting significant career fluidity within the medical field. Additionally, 6% of physicians are currently considering a specialty change. However, the majority (73%) have neither switched specialties nor expressed plans to do so.

In the past year, discussions about a “great resignation” in medicine have gained traction, driven largely by job dissatisfaction and the immense pressures brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimates suggest that up to 20% of physicians are contemplating leaving their current practice. Yet, for many, this trend reflects more of a “great reshuffling” than an outright departure from the profession. Rather than leaving medicine entirely, many physicians are seeking opportunities that better align with their interests, work-life balance, or professional goals, whether through changing specialties or finding a practice that suits them better.

What Pitfalls of Changing Medical Specialties Should You Know About?

When considering changing specialty, one should take numerous significant considerations. Funding is among the toughest obstacles there is. Where you are in your residency will determine if funding for the new specialty you want to pursue is still accessible. Usually based on the length of the specialty you first selected, funding is distributed; hence, extra years for a new program may not be reimbursed. Though this is something to carefully consider, it does not imply you should stay in a specialty you do not enjoy.

One other consideration is the likelihood of not being approved for your intended specialization. Making a shift can involve one of the riskiest aspects. Showing real enthusiasm for your new expertise will help to raise your prospects. If at all possible, an optional rotation will help you show your interest and create relationships. Applying once more the next year is a possibility even if your first try is denied. Though not perfect, it’s usually better than sticking in a field that doesn’t suit you.

You also should consider what the new specialty entails and what you might be forfeiting. Think about the type of colleagues you would be dealing with, the work schedule, and your surroundings. Would you be at ease working early or on call? Do you find great enjoyment in helping with procedures or working with children? If some of these features appeal to you less than others, that’s okay—sometimes one must make concessions. You should reevaluate if the modification is appropriate for you.

Above all, be sure the new expertise thrills you. Although it’s important to dedicate yourself and make a big decision about switching specialties, it’s also acceptable to find out that the first specialty you started with would be the best fit after all. Remember that going back to your initial specialty can entail starting over totally or repeating specific years of residency. The choice to change specializations should ultimately come from a position of confidence and clarity regarding what will bring you long-term fulfillment in your medical profession.

Which Specialties Are Most Popular From a Work-Life Balance Perspective?

In recent years, burnout and work-life imbalance have been the leading causes of physician layoffs, with millennial physicians reporting higher levels of dissatisfaction with these aspects of healthcare work. If you haven’t read our article on How to Balance Work-Life as a New Physician, we recommend that you do so.

Based on the Medscape poll on physician well-being and extensive examination of worldwide academic publications on doctor satisfaction, we have identified the ten medical specialties in which practitioners indicate the highest degrees of satisfaction:

• Family Medicine: Family medicine focuses on community healthcare, offering regular hours, flexibility, and fulfilling work with strong patient connections, making it one of the happiest specialties.
• Otolaryngology: Specializing in ear, nose, and throat care, otolaryngologists enjoy steady hours, and high job satisfaction, with 65% reporting happiness in their professional lives.
• Dermatology: Known for addressing skin, hair, and nail conditions, dermatology combines excellent work-life balance, and the chance to build lasting patient relationships.
• Anesthesiology: With a focus on pain management and critical care, anesthesiologists appreciate flexible schedules, lower patient interaction, and outcomes-driven satisfaction.
• Ophthalmology: Ophthalmologists diagnose and treat eye-related conditions, often in private clinics, offering manageable patient loads, and professional fulfillment.
• Pediatrics: Pediatricians prioritize children’s health and development, finding joy in the significant impact they have, and contributing to their overall happiness in the field.
• Psychiatry: Psychiatrists enjoy shorter workweeks, high demand, and flexibility, including virtual practice, with 72% reporting professional satisfaction and work-life balance.
• Clinical Immunology / Allergy: Immunologists work with healthy patients or children, often in private clinics, benefiting from regular hours and high satisfaction, including strong marital happiness.
• General / Clinical Pathology: Pathologists, often behind the scenes, thrive on problem-solving and research, with 76% reporting career satisfaction and excellent work-life balance.Nephrology: Nephrologists treat kidney and urinary disorders, often in academic settings, with 74% expressing fulfillment despite longer hours.

If for some reason you are not satisfied with your specialty, you should consider switching to one of the above.

Which Specialties Are Most Popular From a Profitability Perspective?

If the reason for dissatisfaction with a medical specialty is the size of the remuneration, it is worth considering for yourself a list of the most profitable areas in healthcare. Of course, we recommend our article Top 10 High-Paying Medical Specialties in the USA. The updated data for the year has not changed much. In general, the highest annual earnings are earned by doctors in the following specialties:

• Neurosurgery: One of the most lucrative specialties, neurosurgeons earn $763,908 annually depending on experience and setting, with a private practice offering higher earnings and autonomy.
• Thoracic Surgery: Focused on heart and chest conditions, thoracic surgeons earn $720,634 annually.
• Orthopedic Surgery: Orthopedic surgeons average earn $654,815, with compensation reaching over $1 million in some settings, particularly in single-specialty practices.
• Plastic Surgery: Combining cosmetic and reconstructive surgery, plastic surgeons earn $619,812, with significant regional variation based on demand.
• Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: Earnings vary by training path, with average salaries $603,623, and private practice offering the highest compensation.
• Radiation Oncology: Radiation oncologists earn $569,170, with regional disparities and a smaller gender pay gap compared to other specialties.
• Cardiology: Cardiologists earn $565,485 on average, with invasive and interventional cardiologists commanding even higher salaries due to specialized demand.
• Vascular Surgery: Vascular surgeons earn $556,070 on average, with salaries influenced by geographic location and specialized skills.
• Radiology: Radiologists earn from $531,983 with salaries increasing significantly through specialization in interventional or nuclear radiology.
• Urology: Urologists average gain $529,140 annually, with earnings varying by subspecialty, practice setting, and board certification.

As of 2024, the most profitable are mainly specialized areas of surgery. However, mastering the relevant specialties can be difficult and time-consuming. On the other hand, some positions on the list are more realistic to master as a replacement for your current medical profession.

What Does the Process of Changing a Medical Specialty Look Like?

Switching medical specialties in the U.S. can be a challenging but feasible process. Below is a step-by-step guide to help navigate this transition effectively.

1. Reflect on Your Decision

Identify what isn’t working for you—the work environment, an overwhelming number of patients, schedule, or specific demands of the specialty. Explore other specialties that align with your interests, skills, and career goals. Consider shadowing physicians or attending specialty-focused events to gain firsthand insights. Ensure the new specialty aligns with your professional aspirations and personal values.

2. Understand the Challenges

Changing specialties requires starting a new residency program, which could mean additional years of training. Residency funding is typically tied to the specialty you initially matched into. You may need to self-fund part or all of the extra training. Also, competition for residency slots in your desired specialty can be stiff, particularly if you are applying as a practicing physician.

3. Gain Experience and Networking

If possible, participate in rotations within your desired specialty to gain experience and build connections. Attend specialty-specific conferences, workshops, or networking events to meet professionals in your target field. Contact residency programs to inquire about openings or guidance for applicants transitioning from another specialty.

4. Update Your Application

Update Your ERAS (The Electronic Residency Application Service) Application: Include your new specialty choice and update your CV, personal statement, and letters of recommendation. Focus on programs that are open to physicians switching specialties, and consider less competitive programs if necessary. During interviews, be transparent about your reasons for switching and how you plan to succeed in the new specialty.

5. Obtain the New Specialty

Once accepted, immerse yourself in your new residency program and make the most of the training opportunities. Embrace the learning curve and actively seek mentorship within the new specialty. Depending on the chosen direction, this may require varying amounts of effort and time.

6. Get a New License and Accreditation

Ensure you meet the eligibility requirements for licensure and board certification in your new specialty. Fulfill any Continuing Medical Education (CME) requirements specific to the new specialty, if applicable. Apply for a medical license in a new specialty in your state.

By following these steps, you can successfully navigate the transition to a new specialty and build a fulfilling career in a field that better aligns with your professional goals and personal satisfaction.

The Difference Between Licensing and Accreditation for Physicians

While credentialing is a deeper assessment of a physician’s qualifications for a given position or facility, licensing is the fundamental legal prerequisite to practise medicine. Maintaining the safety and quality of medical treatment depends on both systems. The table below demonstrates the main differences between these processes, their purpose and responsible institutions. The table below shows the key variations among these procedures, their goals and relevant institutions.

Obtaining a Medical License After Changing Specialty

If you previously had a different specialty as a physician, then you had to obtain a license to practice from your state medical board. So, you should be familiar with the main milestones of this process. However, we still think you could use some tips to help simplify the licensure and credentialing process for your new medical specialty.

1. Find Out the Requirements

For the most part, the specific requirements are similar from state to state, but it’s a good idea to check to see if they have changed in the last year. Also, keep in mind that the requirements may differ depending on the chosen specialty.

2. Pay the Application Fee

Pay the fee for processing your application, background check, and other costs determined by your state. Check how you should confirm the payment when applying for a license. The exact details and payment amounts may vary from state to state.

3. Fill Out the Application Form

Receive the application form and fill it out, answering all the questions. Provide all the necessary information about yourself. The application form needs to be signed and notarized by a notary in a manner consistent with the requirements of your state. Please note that some signature methods (such as electronic signatures, etc.) may not be suitable in this case.

4. Provide an Explanation of the Malpractice and Other Claims

The applicant’s personal biography and professional reputation have a great influence on the possibility of obtaining accreditation and licensing. The State Medical Board always conducts a detailed review of candidates for licensure based on the following criteria:

• Charges of medical malpractice.
• Charges of misconduct
• Cases of disciplinary sanctions.
• Criminal record in the county and at the national level.

Provide detailed explanations of any claims of negligence or misconduct and ways to resolve them made against you, if any. Any missing or incorrect information can cause significant delays or even result in application rejection.

5. Submit All Required Documents

You will be asked to provide the documents listed in the list of requirements for obtaining a license on the website of your state medical board. For example:

• Proof of Education: Official transcripts from medical school and any postgraduate training programs to verify academic qualifications.
• Training Verification: Documentation confirming the completion of residency training, including official letters of completion from training programs.
• Examination Scores: Official results from standardized exams such as the USMLE or COMLEX-USA.
• Personal Identification: Copies of government-issued photo ID (e.g., passport, driver’s license).
• Professional History: A detailed CV outlining professional experience, including any previously held medical licenses.
• Continuing Medical Education (CME): Certificates or transcripts of completed CME activities, as required by the licensing board.
• Letters of Recommendation: References from colleagues or supervisors (and their contacts for verification) who can confirm the applicant’s competence and character.
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) registration: Provide a DEA license if it is required by the new specialty.
• Professional Liability Insurance: Proof of current malpractice insurance coverage.
• Health and Immunization Records: Proof of immunizations or health screenings, as required by the institution or state.National Provider Identifier (NPI): NPI number registration, if practicing in the United States.

Providing accurate and thorough documentation is essential for ensuring a smooth application process.

6. Renew Your License on Time

After that, all you have to do is wait for the state medical board to complete the processing of your application. Processing delays are typically caused by extensive work histories and the time it takes to receive verification documents. In the future, you will only need to renew your license in time in accordance with state requirements. In most cases, this should be done annually, on the eve of the doctor’s birthday.

Obtaining Credentialing After Changing the Specialty

Now let’s talk about credentialing in the new specialty. Although every organization has different credentialing procedures, several steps are applicable everywhere. Here is a condensed summary.

1. Collect Essential Information

Start by compiling salient information on your references, professional background, and education. Be ready to present official records including state licenses, medical diplomas, certificates, and malpractice insurance policies.

Verification of Main Source: credentialing depends on this. It calls for verifying specifics including licenses, certificates, and degrees straight from primary sources—that is, licensing bodies and academic institutions.

2. Complete Background Checks

Sometimes a peer review committee assesses your professional behavior and therapeutic competency. This stage helps you make sure your practice follows ethical behavior and the necessary criteria for clinical excellence.

3. Ensure Application Accuracy

Review every element closely once you have finished your application forms. Mistakes or omissions might slow things down. Think about having a friend or relative verify your contribution for accuracy. On the first try, perfect application increases the likelihood of acceptance.

4. Pass the Review and Get a Decision

Once turned in, a credentialing committee reviews your application and supporting evidence. This panel evaluates your credentials, background, and compliance with regulatory or organizational guidelines. Usually depending on the company, the evaluation procedure lasts up to ninety days. If approved, you will be able to practice or participate in insurance networks.

5. Confirm Credentials Regularly

Approval marks only one step in credentialing; it’s an ongoing procedure. Regular re-certification guarantees that you remain current with changes in your field and consistent with professional standards.

Stay Organized: Create calendar alerts for dates of license and certification renewal.

Document Carefully: For next reference and compliance audits, keep thorough records of your credentials, gathered data, and decision-making procedures.

These guidelines will help you to effectively negotiate the credentialing procedure and keep your eligibility for professional activity in a new specialty.

How to Simplify the Licensing and Accreditation Process After Changing Medical Specialty?

It is worth noting that the process of accreditation and licensing in a new specialty can require a lot of effort, knowledge, and time. There is a small but non-zero probability of being rejected after the first attempt. Most likely, you have already experienced this in the past. And you definitely don’t want to get more difficulties at the end of an already difficult path.

To maximize your chances of being approved as a practitioner in a new specialty, you should ensure that your documentation is free of errors. The easiest way to do this is to contact the professionals at Medicallicensing.com. In addition to directly supporting your application, they will also provide detailed advice on any aspect of licensing in any state.